Excerpt from the Public Education Network
December 19, 2008
Writing in the New Yorker, Malcolm Gladwell contemplates the issue facing education reformers around teacher performance, which he characterizes as "a quarterback problem." That is, in the same way you can't predict who will become a star quarterback in the NFL until that athlete is actually in the NFL, you can't predict who will become a star teacher until that person is actually teaching in the field. No other situation replicates the blend of demands, skills, and intuitions of either job. College football, or teacher certification, can't predict success, and the stakes are high.
According to research that Gladwell cites, students in the class of a bad teacher will learn, on average, half a year's material. Students in the class of a very good teacher will learn a year and a half's material -- putting them an entire year ahead of their poorly-taught peers. "Teacher effects dwarf school effects," Gladwell writes. "Your child is actually better off in a ‘bad' school with an excellent teacher than in an excellent school with a bad teacher. Teacher effects are also much stronger than class-size effects. You'd have to cut the average class almost in half to get the same boost that you'd get if you switched from an average teacher to a teacher in the eighty-fifth percentile."
The implications are clear: "After years of worrying about issues like school funding levels, class size, and curriculum design, many reformers have come to the conclusion that nothing matters more than finding people with the potential to be great teachers. But there's a hitch: no one knows what a person with the potential to be a great teacher looks like. The school system has a quarterback problem."
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